SDV and the New Moving Computers

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Vinicius Zein - Watch Now - EOC 2023 - Duration: 37:32

Vinicius Zein

Abstract Test Your Knowledge Questions & Comments

October 25th, 2021: Tesla market cap reached 1.01 Trillions, equivalent to the next 10 biggest automakers in the world. All that, not defining them as an Automotive, but a Software Company. Had the Automotive OEMs and Tier-1s not realized how important software is becoming in the modern vehicle, at that point they understood that by hard.

What Tesla did, apart from all EV technology, factory models, etc, was putting the software at the center and building the organization around it. In that sense, Tesla was the precursor of SDV: Software Defined Vehicles, a term the Automotive industry created, in analogy to software defined radios.

In this theater talk, Vinicius Zein will cover the drivers for the changes in the automotive industry, the main goals the carmakers are pursuing, the pillars of SDV and the challenges they are facing. He will also cover the changes in the automotive electronics, moving from a fully distributed to a zonal and central computer architecture, the so called Vehicle OS (what is definitely not only an operating system, but a set of tools, a SW framework and eventually 2 or 3 different OS), examples of SW stacks being used in the cars, as well as two big open source initiatives the automotive industry is looking at.

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What did the speaker identify as the main reason the automotive industry needs Software-Defined Vehicles (SDV)?

A To manage growing software and system complexity while enabling OTA updates, new services and improved user experience.

B To eliminate all hardware by moving every function to the cloud and making cars thin clients.

C To make every vehicle fully autonomous and therefore identical in functionality.

D To replace safety certification processes and avoid regulatory constraints by relying on software fixes.

E To force customers to buy subscription services so OEMs can charge recurring fees.

Which statement best captures what the speaker means by the 'service-oriented architecture' pillar for SDV?

A A service-oriented, event-driven architecture where applications can discover autonomous, interoperable services and services can move between ECUs.

B Keeping the traditional periodic, signal-oriented CAN-style messaging but packaging it into larger ECU binaries.

C Exposing every single low-level signal as an independent network service to maximize transparency.

D Designing each ECU to be monolithic and function-specific to avoid cross-ECU dependencies.

E Replacing all in-vehicle communication with a single proprietary bus protocol controlled by the OEM.

According to the talk, what is the most accurate description of a 'vehicle OS'?

A A software framework (not a single OS) that includes hardware abstraction, an integrated hypervisor, platform services, middleware and may run multiple OSes (RTOS, POSIX OS, Android).

B A single replacement operating system that replaces Linux, QNX and all RTOSes across the car with one monolithic kernel.

C Just an infotainment operating system used only for the head unit and non-safety features.

D A cloud-only service that performs vehicle functions remotely and does not run on the vehicle.

E A specialized real-time kernel that eliminates the need for any middleware or platform services.

What architecture did the speaker recommend for achieving mixed-criticality safety on a high-performance compute (HPC) platform?

A Use a safety island (microcontroller running Classic AUTOSAR for ASIL D) separated from a performance core running Adaptive AUTOSAR or POSIX-based systems for less-critical functions.

B Run all safety and non-safety functions on a single POSIX Linux instance and rely on careful scheduling to meet ASIL D.

C Use Android Automotive OS as the single environment for both safety-critical and infotainment functions to simplify the stack.

D Eliminate dedicated safety hardware and use only hypervisor partitioning on performance cores to claim ASIL D.

E Implement all functions as Classic AUTOSAR on the HPC performance cores to avoid using microcontrollers.

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